Besides their missile armament, the Typhoon class features six torpedo tubes all of which are designed to handle RPK-2 (SS-N-15) missiles or Type 53 torpedoes. Typhoon submarines are among the quietest Russian sea vessels in operation, being quieter and yet more maneuverable than their predecessors. With the announcement that Russia has eliminated the last SS-N-20 Sturgeon SLBMs in September 2012, the remaining Typhoons have reached the end of service. The Russian Navy canceled its Typhoon modernization program in March 2012, stating that modernizing one Typhoon would be as expensive as building two new Borei-class submarines. The source of the NATO reporting name remains unclear, although it is often claimed to be related to the use of the word "typhoon" ("тайфун") by Leonid Brezhnev in a 1974 speech while describing a new type of nuclear ballistic missile submarine. With a submerged displacement of 48,000 tons, the Typhoons are the largest class of submarine ever built, large enough to accommodate decent living facilities for the crew when submerged for months on end. The Project 941 or Akula, Russian "Акула" ("Shark") class submarine ( NATO reporting name: Typhoon) is a type of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine deployed by the Soviet Navy in the 1980s. “A more rational way would be to create a robot submarine with a displacement that is normal for this class and based on tried and tested technical solutions with increasing automation. It had both an innovative reactor with liquid metal coolant, highly automated equipment, and a number of other innovations, including a body of titanium alloys, and it was integrated into very compact volume,” a naval source said to Lenta. “»It is not necessary to build a completely revolutionary vessel, as was done in project 705. Naval experts believe that new technology allows for building the same kind of submarines that will be more reliable. “Despite the absence of serious accidents, the reliability of some of the systems and equipment was allegedly insufficient (especially the main power plant, which used liquid-metal coolant), which also reduced its combat readiness.” As a result, the submarines were used as interceptors, mostly kept in port ready for a high-speed dash into the North Atlantic.Īccording to Sverodvinsk newspaper Korabelnaya Storona, the Lira submarines were “not very good” because of the complicated maintenance, which led to long breaks between campaigns. The reactor design meant that the reactor had a short lifetime and had to be kept warm when it was note being used. Submarines of the Lira class had a few important drawbacks. Konovalov” leads the pursuit of the improved Typhoon-class submarine Red October, captained by Marko Ramius. In the Tom Clancy novel «The Hunt for Red October» and its film adaption, the fictional Alfa-class submarine “ V.K. Sean Connery as Captain Marko Ramius in «The Hunt for Red October». The 81 meters long submarine had a displacement of 3200 tons in submerged position. The crew was only 32, compared to 70 or more at vessels of similar classes. This reduced the size of the reactor compared to conventional designs, thus reducing the overall size of the submarine, and allowing for very high speeds. The Soviet project 705 Lira was a unique design with titanium hull and a lead cooled fast reactor as a power source. The plan is to start production of the Lira-class (NATO reporting name Alfa) again, Lenta writes. The Russian Navy is studying the opportunities for building nuclear ”robot submarines” – submarines with a much smaller crew than usual.
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